Which type of soil is characterized by low water holding capacity and high leaching potential?

Coarse textured soil, often referred to as sandy soil, is characterized by larger particle sizes, which results in greater spaces between the particles. This physical structure leads to lower water holding capacity because the coarse particles do not retain water as effectively as finer particles. Additionally, the larger pore spaces allow water to drain quickly, making coarse textured soils more susceptible to leaching. Leaching refers to the process of nutrients being washed away from the soil by water, which is intensified in these types of soils due to their high drainage capacity.

In contrast, fine textured soil retains water better due to its smaller particle size and high surface area, resulting in a higher water holding capacity and lower leaching potential. Medium textured soil, which consists of a balanced mix of sand, silt, and clay, typically has moderate water retention and leaching characteristics. Clayey soil, composed of very small particles, has a high water holding capacity and can become easily waterlogged, thereby reducing its leaching potential. Therefore, coarse textured soil is the correct answer given its distinct characteristics related to low water retention and high leaching potential.