What term describes the different layers within a soil profile?

The term that describes the different layers within a soil profile is soil horizons. Each horizon represents a distinct layer of soil that differs in characteristics such as color, texture, composition, and organic materials. These horizons develop through various processes, including weathering, organic matter accumulation, and leaching, and are typically identified as O (organic), A (topsoil), E (eluviated), B (subsoil), and C (parent material) layers.

Understanding soil horizons is essential because they play a significant role in nutrient availability, drainage, and root development. Each layer can influence the soil’s capacity to hold and transmit water and nutrients, which is vital for plant growth and agricultural practices. Therefore, recognizing and analyzing these horizons helps nutrient management consultants make informed decisions regarding soil amendments and crop management strategies.