What does soil biomass refer to?

Soil biomass specifically refers to the total mass of living microorganisms found in the soil, including bacteria and fungi. This living component of the soil plays a crucial role in nutrient cycling, soil structure, and overall soil health. Microorganisms in soil participate in the decomposition of organic materials, which contributes to the formation of humus and the availability of nutrients for plants.

Understanding soil biomass is essential for nutrient management because a healthy microbial community enhances soil fertility, promotes plant growth, and affects the efficiency of nutrient use. The presence and diversity of these microorganisms can indicate the biological activity and health of the soil ecosystem, making it a vital aspect of soil management practices.

The other choices, while potentially related to soil health and nutrient management, do not accurately define soil biomass. The total mass of dead plant material refers to necromass rather than living biomass. Nutrients stored in the soil encompass various elements but are not a measure of living organisms. Lastly, the total volume of soil organic matter includes both living and decomposed organic materials, further distinguishing it from the definition of soil biomass.