To minimize agricultural-related phosphorus and nitrogen pollution, what strategy is recommended?

The recommended strategy to minimize phosphorus and nitrogen pollution is to avoid application on phosphorus-enriched soils. This approach is crucial because applying fertilizers to soils that already have high levels of phosphorus can lead to runoff during rainfall or irrigation. When these nutrients wash away into nearby water bodies, they can cause algal blooms and degrade water quality, potentially harming aquatic ecosystems and creating dead zones.

By avoiding application in these nutrient-rich areas, farmers can help prevent excess phosphorus from entering the water system, thereby mitigating potential pollution. It promotes better nutrient management practices and supports sustainable agriculture by ensuring that fertilizers are applied where they are needed most, enhancing crop uptake and reducing leakage into the environment.

The other strategies do not effectively address the issue of nutrient pollution. Utilizing manure at any time without considering soil conditions or environmental factors may lead to overdosing of phosphorus and nitrogen. Maximizing fertilizer use regardless of timing can result in inefficiency and increased runoff. Applying fertilizers only on sunny days does not account for soil moisture and weather conditions that influence nutrient absorption and runoff potential. Therefore, avoiding application on phosphorus-enriched soils remains the most effective strategy in this context.